As we head into annual meeting season, oil majors are under pressure to respond to investors skeptical of their future profitability under climate constraints, or what the Financial Times terms the industry’s “existential crisis.” That pressure ratcheted up last week when Norway’s government moved to divest the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund from upstream exploration and production companies.

“[T]he market cannot solve climate change by itself. Muscular government action is needed,” writes The Economist in a February cover issue. The cutting edge of climate policy lies in active government intervention to manage the decline of fossil fuels and ramp up renewable energy.

So far, 2019 has brought a major win against the expansion of fossil gas infrastructure in Europe, as well as a major wake-up call to the climate threat – and deep inequity – of the unprecedented ongoing expansion of U.S. oil and gas production.

Twenty-three years ago, Ken Saro-Wiwa and the Ogoni Nine were executed by the Nigerian government, with the complicity of Shell. Their fight reminds us of the price so many have paid and continue to pay for defending their land and livelihoods from oil and gas pollution.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)’s latest report on global warming of 1.5 degrees provides a compelling scientific case for winding down the fossil fuel industry as quickly as possible.